客观跛行评估:通过步态分析系统(GAITRite® 便携式步行台)测定总压力指数百分比(TPI%);
主观生活质量评估:采用 ** 赫尔辛基慢性疼痛指数(Helsinki Chronic Pain Index, HCPI)** 问卷;
探索性客观指标:对称性指数(Symmetry Index, SI)、前后肢 / 胸盆肢负荷比(fore/hind limb ratio, T/P TPI%)。
74%(34/46)的犬只在其负重最差的肢体上,TPI% 出现数值改善;
93.5%(43/46)的犬只 HCPI 评分降低≥5%,其中 79% 的犬只改善达到临床意义水平;
探索性指标 SI 与 T/P TPI% 也呈现出改善趋势。
步态分析:使用 GAITRite® 便携式步行台系统(http://www.gaitrite.com)进行步态分析,该系统已验证可用于犬只步态评估。系统可记录时间 - 空间变量,包括每只肢体的 TPI(总压力指数)。评估时,犬只在步行台上连续多次往返行走,采用多通道采集方式最大化单次行走的数据采集量,同时降低数据变异性。该系统已成功用于不同体型正常犬只的跛行研究,证实 TPI%(标准化为体重分布的总压力指数百分比)不受犬只体型影响,是评估异质性犬只群体的可靠指标。本研究中,每次评估取三次有效行走记录的平均值;TPI% 由 GAITRite 系统根据压力传感器记录的压力值自动计算,正常犬只前肢 TPI% 约为 30,后肢约为 20。TPI% 用于识别和评估犬只负重最差的肢体,治疗前后(第 0 天、第 28 天)的 TPI% 变化作为主要研究终点,定义为负重最差肢体 TPI% 的数值升高。
生活质量评估:在第 0 天与第 28 天,犬主填写赫尔辛基慢性疼痛指数(HCPI)问卷,该问卷为经验证的犬只生活质量评估工具。临床改善定义为 HCPI 评分降低≥5%。
探索性指标:对称性指数(SI)、前后肢 / 胸盆肢负荷比(T/P TPI%),均通过步态分析数据计算得出。
对称性指数(SI):整体 SI 从 - 0.436±2.3 改善至 - 0.36±2.0(P=0.904);侧别分析显示,以左侧为优势侧的犬只,SI 从 - 2.15±1.3 改善至 0.83±2.1(P=0.002);以右侧为优势侧的犬只,SI 从 1.6±1.3 改善至 0.2±1.7(P=0.004)。26 只犬只的 SI 出现改善,9 只无改善,11 只呈现方向性变化。
胸盆肢负荷比(T/P TPI%):整体比值从 1.33±0.2 提升至 1.38±0.2(P=0.075);前肢比值从 1.24±0.1 提升至 1.31±0.2(P=0.025);后肢比值无显著变化。
亚组分析:21 只正在接受其他骨关节炎相关药物治疗的犬只中,15 只(71%)同时出现 TPI% 与 HCPI 的改善;4 只 TPI% 无改善的犬只中,1 只出现 HCPI 改善;1 只犬只两项指标均无改善。是否合并使用其他骨关节炎药物的犬只间,改善率无统计学差异。
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